Daily Health and Medicine News

Know Your Balls

As men we normally have two balls, or testes, which are located in a pouch or sac of skin, called the scrotum, underneath our penis. They are easy to feel and check, yet many men never do so. This is a pity because testicular cancer is common in young men and is also easily curable if caught early. So, for the sake of your health, you should know your balls. Of course, many simple testicular problems have nothing to do with cancer at all and some of the more important and common conditions are described in this chapter.

Get to Know Your Testes (Testicles)

The testicles are the male sex glands and are part of the male reproductive system. In adult men, each one is normally somewhat smaller than a golf ball. The spermatic cord is like a flexible tube that goes from each testis to the lower abdomen. The spermatic cord contains the blood vessels that take blood to and from the testis, and the vas deferens which take sperm from the testis to the penis.

What Do The Testicles Do?

Firstly, they make the male hormone testosterone. This hormone is responsible for the development of the reproductive organs and other male characteristics, such as body and facial hair, deep voice and broad shoulders. Secondly, they produce and store sperm, which carry the genetic code to create a baby. Sperm cells are carried from the testicles through small tubes called the vas deferens to the seminal vesicles. Fluid from the vesicles and from the prostate gland is added. During ejaculation (orgasm), this fluid, now called semen, travels through a tube (the urethra) in the centre of the penis and out of the body.

Self-Examination

By examining yourself regularly, you will be more confident about your own body and in a better position to notice any changes in a previously normal testicle. If you notice any change in the size of a testis, or any abnormal lumps, swellings or tender spots, then you should see your doctor. Doctors are used to examining testes and will be able to advise if the abnormality is serious or not.

It is important to remember that most abnormalities are not cancer. However, cancer of the testes is the most common cancer in young men in Ireland and affects about one in every 500 men between the ages of 15 and 50. If it is caught early, it can almost always be easily treated and cured. Therefore, it is important to practise regular testicular self-examination so that you get to know how your testes normally feel. This allows any changes to be more easily detected. Viagra in Australia

Testicular Self-Examination (TSE) Procedure

• Practise this regularly, at least once a month. The best time for testicular self-examination is just after a warm bath or shower, when the scrotal tissue is more relaxed.

Sinopulmonary Syndromes

Most, if not all, patients with AFS and concomitant severe lower airways obstruction could be at risk for the development of ABPM. We suspect that the diagnosis of coexistent disease may sometimes be overlooked since at least 50% of patients with AFS have asthma, which is one of the diagnostic criteria for ABPM.

Why all atopic individuals who demonstrate fungal-specific IgE do not develop one or both of these diseases is unclear. This could reflect a dose-response relationship between obstruction and disease or a more robust IgE-mediated inflammatory response in those patients who develop this form of fungal hypersensitivity. Most patients with AFS have evidence of a fungal-specific IgE response to multiple fungal allergens, as was the case with our patient.

In our patient, Chrysosporium, a fungus previously implicated in the pathogenesis of AFS, grew from a culture of surgical material obtained from the sinuses and appeared to be the culprit allergen.

Mast cell-derived products released in such IgE mediated reactions include histamine, a mucus secretagogue. Variations in the viscosity of the mucus produced or the induction of nasal polyposis, also contributing to airways obstruction, also could play a role in the process. There is no evidence to suggest that AFS or ABPM results from an underlying immunodeficiency. However, the association between ABPM and CF has been known for some time.

Some reports suggest that mutations in the CFTR gene are present in patients with ABPM who may have normal sweat chloride levels and lack many of the typical clinical features of CF. Miller et all analyzed the CFTR gene in 11 patients with ABPM and found that 1 patient carried two CF mutations (F508/R347H) and 5 patients carried one mutation (F508, 4 patients; R117H, 1 patient).

In a study by Marchand et al, the frequency of CFTR gene mutations was also higher in patients with ABPM than it was either in patients with allergic asthma or in subjects seeking genetic counseling.

Causes of Infertility

Causes of infertility include a wide range of physical as well as emotional factors. Approximately one-third to a half of all infertility is due to a ‘male’ factor. A ‘female’ factor – scarring from sexually transmitted infection or endometriosis, ovulation dysfunction, poor nutrition, hormone imbalance, ovarian cysts, pelvic infection, tumour, or transport system abnormality from the cervix through the fallopian tubes is responsible for 40-50 per cent of infertility in couples. The remaining 10-30 per cent of infertility cases may be caused by contributing factors from both partners, or no cause may be identified.

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Increased risk for infertility can be associated with the following conditions and factors in men:

• Varicoceles
• Undescended testes
• Retrograde ejaculation
• Poor sperm development
• Infections
• Medication
• Recreational drug use
• Chronic medical conditions
• Trauma
• Lifestyle factors
• Testosterone deficiency

Undescended Testes

This affects nearly 1 per cent of males. Our testes start to develop high up in our belly area and have usually come down, or ‘descended’, by the time we are born. However, if they fail to descend they are known as undescended testes. This increases the lifelong risk of testicular cancer. For this reason undescended testes are always ‘brought down’ surgically into the scrotal sac if they have not descended themselves by the age of two.

However, despite this, men with a history of undescended testes still have reduced fertility, even when it is one-sided. This is because it appears that there is reduced ability to produce sperm levels in both the normally descended and the undescended testis.

Retrograde Ejaculation

This results from failure of the bladder neck to close during ejaculation so that sperm goes up into the bladder instead of out through the penis. Clues to this condition may include cloudy urine after ejaculation or reduced or even ‘dry’ ejaculation. It may result from bladder surgery or a disease that affects the nervous system.

Infections

Mumps infection can cause swelling and inflammation of the testicles. This is known as orchitis and can have a long-term effect on sperm levels and fertility. Mumps orchitis is usually one-sided but sometimes it can affect both testicles. A complication of this condition is that the testicles can shrink and waste away. Other infections that can affect fertility include sexually transmitted infections, such as chlamydia, and infections like E. coli in the semen, which can affect sperm motility (movement). General infections of the body can also temporarily affect sperm production and lead to reduced fertility.

Other Modes of Treatment of ED

The earliest effective treatment for organic impotence was the penile implant, successfully performed for the first time in 1947 using a single rigid plastic strut surgically inserted into the penis. Previous surgical efforts using a piece of rib or cartilage had failed because of rapid breakdown and absorption of the implant by the body. Although the plastic strut allowed some men to resume coitus, it was the introduction of medical-grade silicone in the 1960s that ushered in a truly practical surgical solution. The single flexible silicone rod was quickly followed by the introduction of more anatomically correct semirigid rods that bend like pipe cleaners, allowing manual positioning of the penis into an erection. Soon afterward, a three-component inflatable device was designed. The components include a bulb placed inside the scrotum, an inflatable cylinder positioned inside the penis and a saline sack inserted into the abdomen. Pumping the bulb causes fluid to fill the cylinder, bringing about rigidity. A release valve in the bulb allows a return to the flaccid state. Today three companies in the U.S. manufacture a variety of semirigid and inflatable prosthetic devices.

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The average age of a patient choosing a prosthetic is 50. Implants seldom wear out, even after decades of use; each implant carries a manufacturer’s lifetime guarantee. Implants are safe and almost 100 percent effective. In addition, the approach offers a particular advantage not present in any other impotence treatment currently on the market: it allows coitus without prior planning. That fact greatly increases the overall satisfaction of the men and their partners who choose this option.

Another mechanical treatment is a vacuum pump, a temporary, nonsurgical approach that works on the same principle as milking machines placed over a cow’s udder. Pumping air out of an airtight chamber covering the penis creates a vacuum, which draws blood into the penile sinusoids. A tourniquet is placed at the base of the penis to trap the blood in the phallus after removal of the vacuum chamber. Though safe, the instrument produces varying degrees of penile rigidity for each man and during each episode of use.

Penile Injections

The next major treatment Canadian Pharmacy Viagra advance was hit on by serendipity: in 1979 French vascular surgeon Ronald Virag accidentally injected papaverine rather than saline into a patient’s penis during a diagnostic procedure. To his (and probably the patient’s) surprise, the man became erect. Virag quickly recognized the utility of papaverine, a drug used to induce smooth muscle relaxation. After confirming the reproducibility of triggering an erection, which occurred minutes after intracorporal injection of the drug, Virag announced his findings. This discovery highlighted for the first time that smooth muscle relaxation was the key erectile mechanism and set the direction for the next generation of basic research. Of particular interest is that papaverine acts very far down in the chemical cascade needed for erection by increasing the concentration of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), a chemical that helps to block the entry of calcium ions into the cell, which in turn results in smooth muscle relaxation.

Medical Prescription Drugs: Viagra

This brand is now part of sexual folklore. No contraptions, gadgets, or additives. Just pop it beforehand and feel confident your Dick will perform as soon as he gets some sexual stimulation. The folklore itself adds to its effect even if the chemical properties of Viagra do not produce as strong an effect on your individual body as many would have you believe. Nonetheless, it’s the fastest selling drug in history.

Its founders at Pfizer Inc were actually investigating the application of sidenafil citrate on angina, the chest pain you get when arteries to the heart get blocked. It wasn’t working on the angina but the men taking part in the research started getting erections. They wanted more and more of them.

Viagra stays in your system for 4-5 hours and as long as you have some stimulation you should get a natural erection. Some men have reported getting erections 7-10 hours later. That’d be my luck, stiff as a board and the date’s already gone home.

Viagra and its relatives, (like who you may well ask, Aunty Viagra?), belong to a group medically termed PDE-5 inhibitors.

To explain how they work we’ll need to borrow some of the content in Step 5. You can jump to it now if you want because, as knowledge is power, you will get a boost from understanding how drugs actually work in your body.

For now let’s simplify so that you can carry on. On arousal, the brain causes the release of our favourite drug duo at your Dick’s level: Nitric Oxide which creates cGMP. Their end game is to cause penile tissue to relax allowing blood to rush in to lengthen and strengthen your Dick into an erection. What’s cGMP? It means cyclic guanosine monophosphate and it is an incredible substance which is naturally produced by the cells in the penile tissue in response to Nitric Oxide.
When high levels of cGMP are present, the penile tissue becomes relaxed and a natural and stiff erection will occur. Together with Nitric Oxide this chemical is our friendly agent who gets your Dick into a firm, excited stated.

As with most bodily functions we need a counter balancing force to regulate the friendly agent, otherwise your Dick would explode with all the excitement stirred up by the friendly agents. This balancing agent is called selective phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE-5 to you and me) which acts to counter the cGMP effect. PDE5 is released and regulated by cGMP levels in cells. All you need to know for now is that when these agents interact normally you get a normal erection.

If the balance between these interacting chemicals is not right and PDE-5 predominates, then you get negative forces on an erection. For a lot of men suffering from ED, the PDE-5 enzyme neutralizes any available cGMP and if PDE-5 wins the contest an erection will become flaccid or will not occur at all. Come to think of it, without the PDE-5 and constant stimulation your Dick could be permanently erect and always open for business. Like a 7-11 store?

That’s where PDE-5 inhibitors such as Viagra, Cialis, buy Levitra in Australia online and Stendra come in. These drugs •inhibit” or block the unwanted PDE-5 so that the useful cGMP is allowed to remain for a good while after sexual stimulation commences. Or, in party terms, if PDE-5 is your ED Party crasher, these drugs bounce him at the door and send Mr ED on a short holiday so that your Dick can get on with doing what he naturally likes doing. They are essentially your Dick’s party drugs!

Consume Caverta and forget impotence

There are many ED patients who are suffering from impotence and they have no problem with that as they all are using drugs to treat the disease. However some of the ED patients suffer a lot with impotence as these men are unable to treat the diseases because of the high costing price of the medications. However there is no need to fear as Generic Caverta is one of the strongest generic drug that is affordable by commoners and ED men can enjoy the sexual pleasure as much as they can. The effectiveness of this medication can be seen within 20-30 minutes from the time of consumption.

However the result may vary from person to person as this medication gives a kick when ED patients get sexually stimulated and for some it may take about 60 minutes to attain penis erection. Likewise ED patients can achieve erection many times with consumption of single pill of Caverta. ED men can have fun for many hours with their partners. Prolong period of to and fro motion of penis inside vagina helps ED men and their partners to achieve desired sex. Caverta contains Sildenafil Citrate as its chief ingredient and that is derived from Viagra. So that is the reason why Caverta is so good in treating impotence. Impotence is one of the male’s reproductive organs paralyzing disease and that brings lots of frustration and depression in men. mexican pharmacy online

However ED patients have got the solution in the form of Caverta. This medication is manufactured by Ranbaxy and the total power of it is 100mg. Caverta contains 4 pills in a single stripe and these pills are meant for four different days. However it is an easy available drug that can be bought from nearest drugstores however this drug needs to be consumed according to the steps laid by healthcare providers and doctors. The correct means of consumption of Caverta means complete penis erection and that is needed for indulging into sexual practice.

Impotence does not come to men looking at their age these days, it can affect any male above 18 years however the reason for erectile dysfunction in men is due to enzyme PDE5 which is totally responsible for making the arteries in the penile region to contract and blocks the blood flow. However Caverta contains Sildenafil Citrate which activates the enzyme cGMP and that helps the arteries to bloat and makes blood flow to the penile region possible. The normal blood flow to the penile region helps ED men to attain hard erection and makes sexual activities possible.

There are ED patients who consume drugs for treating other diseases and it is important for all the ED patients to consult a doctor once before consuming the medication. The side effects that occurs after the consumption of this Canadian pharmacy viagra click here are temporary and goes off immediately however if the side effects lasts for longer period, seek medical help immediately to avoid all the complications. However Caverta is a safe drug for impotence and it has been tested and approved by FDA.